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POTATO BLIGHT PRODUCTS 2008
Product		Active Ingredients	Dose rate (L/ha or kg/ha)	Maximum No. of applications	Spray Intervals	Harvest Interval	LERAP	Mode of Action	Movement in plant
Adagio		274 g/l mancozeb + 201 g/l chlorothalonil	2.4-3.2 l/ha	5 (with 16 l/ha maximum)	7, 10 and 14 days	7 days	B	Protectant	Contact
Bravo 500	Syngenta	500 g/l chlorothalonil	2-3 l/ha	5	7, 10 and 14 days	7 days	B	Protectant	Contact
Consento	Bayer CropSciences	75 g/l fenamidone + 375 g/l propamocarb	2l/ha	6 (in blocks of 3) or 50% of programme	7 to 10 days	7 days	B	Protectant, with some curative	Contact, systemic and translaminar
Curzate M WG	Du Pont	4.5% w/w cymoxanil + 68% w/w mancozeb	2 kg/ha	No limit	7, 10 and 14 days	None	None	Protectant and curative	Translaminar and contact
C 50	Sipcam	500g/kg cymoxanil	0.18 - 0.24 kg/ha	4	7, 10 and 14 days	7 days	None	Limited protectant and curative	Translaminar
Dithane DF NT	Interfarm UK	75% w/w mancozeb	1.7 or 2 kg/ha	No limit	7, 10 and 14 days	7 days	None	Protectant	Contact
Dithane 945	Interfarm UK	80% mancozeb	1.7 or 2 kg/ha	No limit	7, 10 and 14 days	7 days	None	Protectant	Contact
Epok 600 EC	Belchim Crop Protection	400 g/l fluazinam + 200 g/l mefenoxam (metalaxyl-m)	0.375 l/ha	3 (1 advised in 2008 following genotype 13)	7	7	B	Protectant	Contact and systemic
Electis/ Roxam	Dow AgroSciences	8.3% w/w zoxamide (zoxium) + 66.7% w/w mancozeb	1.8 kg/ha	10	7, 10 and 14 days	7 days	B	Protectant	Contact
Fubol Gold WG	Syngenta	4% w/w mefenoxam (metalaxyl-m)+ 64% w/w mancozeb	1.9 kg/ha	3 (before 15th July) (1 advised in 2008 following genotype 13))	7, 10 and 14 days	7 days	None	Protectant with limited curative +eradicant	Systemic and contact
Globe	Sipcam	60 g/kg cymoxanil+ 700 g/kg mancozeb	1.5 kg/ha	6	7, 10 and 14 days	7 days	B	Protectant with limited curative	Translaminar and contact
Infinito	Bayer CropScience	62.5 g/l fluopicilide + 625 g/l propamocarb	1.2 and 1.6 l/ha	Total dose 6.4 l/ha	7 to 10 days	7 days	B	Protectant with curative	Translaminar and systemic
Invader	BASF	75 g/kg dimethomorph + 667 g/kg mancozeb	2 kg/ha	8 (max dose 16 kg/ha) (same group as Revus and Valbon)	7, 10 and 14 days	7 days	B	Protectant with some curative	Translaminar and contact
Merlin	Bayer CropScience	375 g/l propamocarb + 375 g/l chlorothalonil	1.5-2.5 l/ha	15 litres/ha	7, 10 and 14 days	7 days and not after end August	B	Protectant, with some curative	Systemic and contact
Proxanil New 2008	Sipcam	400 g/l propamocarb + 50 g/l cymoxanil	2 l/ha	4	7 days	14 days	None	Systemic and curative	Systemic and translaminar
Ranman TwinPack	Belchim Crop Protection	400 g/l cyazofamid + organosilicone adjuvant	0.2 L/ha + 0.15 L/ha	6 (in blocks of 3 with 3 different sprays between)	7 -10 days	7 days	None	Protectant	Contact
Revus	Syngenta	250 g/l mandi-propamid	0.6 l/ha	4 (but same group as Valbon and Invader)	7 -10 days	3 days	None	Protectant	Contact and translaminar
Shirlan	Syngenta	500 g/l fluazinam	0.3 or 0.4 l/ha	10 Max dose 3 l/ha)	5, 7, 10 and 14 days	None	B	Protectant	Contact
Shinkon New 2008	ProCam Nissan)	100 g/ha amisulfuron	0.5 litres/ha	6 ( or no more than 50% of total spray programme)	7 -10 days	7 days	B	Protectant	Contact
Tanos	Du Pont	25% w/w famoxadone +25% w/w cymoxanil	0.5-0.7 kg/ha	6 (with no more than 3 in a row)	7 -10 days	14 days	B	Protectant and curative	Contact and translaminar
Tattoo	Bayer CropScience	248 g/l propamocarb + 302 g/l mancozeb	4 L/ha	5	10 and 14 days	14 days and not after end August	None	Protectant, with some curative + eradicant	Systemic and contact
Valbon	Certis Europe	17.5% benthia-valicarb + 70% mancozeb	1.6 kg/ha	6 and no more than 50% of programme (but same group as Revus and Invader)	7 -10 days	7 days	B	Protectant with limited curative	Translaminar

POTATO APHICIDES 2008
Product	Manu- facturer	Active Ingredients	Dose rate (L/ha or kg/ha)	Chemical Group and resistance status	Maximum No. of applications	Harvest Interval	LERAP	Mode of Action	Movement in plant
Actara	Syngenta	600 g/l thia- methoxam as a FS	80 g/ha	Neo- nicotinoid	1 spray in ware 2 sprays in seed crops ( + no more than 2 neo- nicotinoid in 1 crop)	14 days	B		Systemic and trans- laminar
Aphox	Syngenta	500g/kg pirimicarb as a WDG	0.280 kg/ha	Carbamate, Resistance: carboxyl- esterase-R3 + MACE	None stated	3 days	None	Contact + fumigant	Contact, trans- laminar
Biscaya	Bayer Crop Science	240 g/l thiacloprid	0.4 l/ha	Neo- nicotinoid No known resistance	1 spray in ware 2 sprays in seed crops ( + no more than 2 neo- nicotinoid in 1 crop)	14 days	None	Contact + stomach poison	Systemic
Dovetail	Syngenta	5 g/l lamda-cyhalothrin +100 g/l pirimicarb, as an EC	1.5 l/ha	Pyrethroid + carbamate Resistance: kdr + carboxyl- esterase-R3 + MACE	8 sprays or 12 l/ha	3 days	A	Contact + stomach poison + fumigant	Contact, trans- laminar
Hallmark with Zeon Tech-nology	Syngenta	100 g/l lamda-cyhalothrin, as a microcapsule suspension	0.075 l/ha	Pyrethroid + carbamate Resistance: kdr + carboxyl- esterase-R3	300 ml/ha	None	A	Contact + stomach poison + fumigant	Contact, trans- laminar
InSyst	Certis	20% w/w acetamiprid as a SP	250 g/ha	Neo- nicotinoid	1 spray in ware 2 sprays in seed crops ( + no more than 2 neo- nicotinoid in 1 crop)	14 days	B		Systemic and trans- laminar
Plenum WG	Syngenta	50% w/w pymetrozine, as a WDG	0.3 kg/ha	Pyridine No known resistance	1 spray in ware 2 sprays in seed crops	7 days	None	Prevents feeding	Systemic
Teppeki	Belchim Crop Protection	50% w/w flonicamid as a WDG	0.16 kg/ha	Pyridine- carboxamide No known resistance	2 sprays	14 days	None	Prevents feeding	Systemic and trans- laminar

Aphicide Resistance
There are three types of resistance in the main virus vector, Myzus persicae. Carboxylesterase overproduction is a metabolic resistance where the aphids produce more enzymes to wrap up the insecticide before it can attack the aphid’s nervous system. The other mechanisms are target site in which the resistance is absolute and is caused by the mutation or modification of protein targets onto which the insecticide normally binds, making the insecticide ineffective. MACE (modified acetylcholinesterase) resistance gives strong resistance to carbamate insecticides whereas Kdr (or knockdown) resistance is associated with all pyrethroids.

Insecticide actives	Group	Resisted by
pirimicarb	carbamate	MACE +/or carboxylesterase-R3
lamda-cyhalothrin	pyrethroid	kdr + carboxylesterase-R3
pirimicarb + lamda-cyhalothrin	carbamate + pyrethroid	MACE + kdr
pymetrozine	pyridine	None
Neonicotinoid	thiamethoxam, thiacloprid, acetamiprid	None




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